The price of a product is the most important attribute of marketing that product. One of those products where price matters a lot is a smartphone because it comes with a lot of features so that a company thinks a lot about how to price this mobile which can justify the features and also cover the marketing and manufacturing costs of the mobile. In this article, I will walk you through the task of mobile price classification with Machine Learning using Python.
Mobile Price Classification with Machine Learning
Mobile phones are the best selling electronic devices as people keep updating their cell phones whenever they find new features in a new device. Thousands of mobiles are sold daily, in such a situation it is a very difficult task for someone who is planning to set up their own mobile phone business to decide what the price of the mobile should be.
In the section below, I will introduce you to a machine learning project on a mobile price classification model where I will train a model to classify the price range of mobiles using Python. This task is based on solving a case study mentioned below.
“Mr Aman wants to start his own mobile phone company and he wants to wage an uphill battle with big smartphone brands like Samsung and Apple. But he doesn’t know how to estimate the price of a mobile that can cover both marketing and manufacturing costs. So in this task, you don’t have to predict the actual prices of the mobiles but you have to predict the price range of the mobiles. ”
Mobile Price Classification using Python
So, since our task is to classify the price range of mobile phones and not to predict the actual prices, so here I am going to train a classification model to classify the price range of mobile phones as:
- 0 (low cost)
- 1 (medium cost)
- 2 (high cost)
- 4 (very high cost)
I will start the task of mobile price classification with machine learning by importing the necessary Python libraries and the dataset:
battery_power blue clock_speed ... touch_screen wifi price_range 0 842 0 2.2 ... 0 1 1 1 1021 1 0.5 ... 1 0 2 2 563 1 0.5 ... 1 0 2 3 615 1 2.5 ... 0 0 2 4 1821 1 1.2 ... 1 0 1 [5 rows x 21 columns]
So the dataset contains 21 columns and luckily this dataset has no missing values, so we can just start by training the model, but before that let’s take a look at the correlation between the features in the dataset:
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 10)) sns.heatmap(data.corr(), annot=True, cmap="coolwarm", linecolor='white', linewidths=1)
Data Preparation
This dataset has no categorical features, so we can just use this data without any transformation because all the features of the dataset are numeric. But to train a model, it is very important to standardize or normalize the data and break it up into training and testing sets.
So let’s standardize the dataset and divide the data into 80% training and 20% testing:
x = data.iloc[:, :-1].values y = data.iloc[:, -1].values x = StandardScaler().fit_transform(x) x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x, y, test_size=0.20, random_state=0)
Mobile Price Classification Model
Now let’s train the mobile price classification model using Python. As this is a problem of classification, I will be using the Logistic Regression algorithm provided by Scikit-learn:
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression lreg = LogisticRegression() lreg.fit(x_train, y_train) y_pred = lreg.predict(x_test)
Now let’s have a look at the accuracy of the model:
accuracy = accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred) * 100
print("Accuracy of the Logistic Regression Model: ",accuracy)Accuracy of the Logistic Regression Model: 95.5
So the model gives an accuracy of about 95.5% which is great. Now let’s have a look at the predictions made by the model:
print(y_pred)
[3 0 2 2 3 0 0 3 3 1 1 3 0 2 3 0 3 2 2 1 0 0 3 1 2 2 3 1 3 1 1 0 2 0 2 3 0 0 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 3 0 1 3 1 1 3 0 3 0 2 2 2 0 3 3 1 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 1 0 1 3 2 2 1 2 3 3 3 0 0 0 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 0 3 3 3 0 3 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 0 0 1 3 3 0 0 1 0 0 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 0 2 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 0 1 1 2 1 3 0 3 0 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 3 0 0 3 1 3 2 1 3 1 2 3 3 2 1 0 3 1 2 3 3 0 2 2 3 1 2 1 0 1 2 2 2 0 3 3 1 1 0 2 3 0 1 2 2 0 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 3 0 0 0 2 3 3 0 0 1 3 2 3 3 3 0 0 2 3 3 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 0 2 3 3 0 0 1 3 3 1 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 3 3 2 0 0 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 0 3 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 1 0 0 2 2 2 3 0 1 3 0 2 2 3 0 2 0 1 1 3 0 0 2 3 1 2 0 2 0 3 0 3 3 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 3 1 0 3 0 0 1 3 0 3 1 1 0 1 3 0 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 3 1 2 3 2 2 0 3 2 2 1 3 2 3 3 3 0 2 0 3 0 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 0 1 2 3 0 0 1 3 0 3 0 2 2 1 1 0 2 0]
The above output shows the price range classified by the model. Let’s have a look at the number of mobile phones classified for each price range:
(unique, counts) = np.unique(y_pred, return_counts=True) price_range = np.asarray((unique, counts)).T print(price_range)
[[ 0 95] [ 1 90] [ 2 97] [ 3 118]]
I hope you liked this article on mobile price classification with machine learning. Feel free to ask your valuable questions in the comments section below.
